Kellyville NSW Real Estate & Properties: Explore Homes, Lifestyle & Investment Opportunities

๐Ÿ›๏ธ About This Suburb (Last Updated Date: 2026-03-05)
History, Aboriginal heritage, and the story behind the name.
Kellyville โ€” Darug Country

Originally a rural area known for orchards and poultry farming, Kellyville began its transition to a residential suburb in the 1960s. Significant large-scale development commenced in the 1980s and 1990s, transforming it into a major family hub. The arrival of the Sydney Metro Northwest in 2019 marked the suburb's most significant modern evolution.

A sophisticated residential enclave characterized by large contemporary homes, manicured gardens, and a high concentration of professional families. It balances suburban quietude with high-tech transport links.

Overall Score
8.5
A top-tier family suburb that balances lifestyle, safety, and modern infrastructure.
๐Ÿ“œ
Name Origin
Named after Hugh Kelly, an early settler and former convict who owned the 'Kelly's Arms' inn.
๐Ÿ—๏ธ
Established
Gazetted 1927
🚉
Metro Access
🏫
Education Hub
Contains over 10 primary and secondary schools within or immediately bordering the suburb.
🌳
Green Space
Features the extensive Bernie Mullane Sports Complex, a regional hub for athletics.
๐Ÿ“Š Scorecard
12 key dimensions scored 0โ€“10. Each score includes a one-line explanation.
Very Good
📈 Market Momentum
7
Steady demand from families, though high price points limit the buyer pool compared to 2021 peaks.
🛍️ Amenity
8
Excellent local shopping at Kellyville Village and proximity to Rouse Hill Town Centre.
🏫 Schools
9
Exceptional public and private options make it a primary target for education-focused buyers.
🚌 Transport
8
The Metro Northwest has revolutionized commuting, though internal bus links vary in frequency.
🛡️ Risk Profile
7
Low crime but specific pockets face bushfire and overland flow risks.
🌳 Liveability
9
High-quality housing stock and abundant parks create a superior family environment.
👥 Demographics
9
Affluent professional demographic with high household incomes and stability.
🔥 Rental Demand
7
Strong demand for 4+ bedroom houses, though high purchase prices compress yields.
🚀 Growth Potential
7
Long-term growth supported by the 'Hills' prestige and ongoing infrastructure upgrades.
💰 Affordability
3
Well above the Sydney median, making it inaccessible for many first-home buyers.
🔒 Crime & Safety
9
One of the safest statistical areas in Greater Sydney for property and personal crime.
🚶 Walkability
4
Largely car-dependent outside of the immediate Metro and shopping village precincts.
โšก Quick Snapshot
Key metrics at a glance, plus your top advantages and watch-outs.
🏠
Median House
$2,050,000
Estimated March 2026
🏢
Median Unit
$845,000
Modern 2-bed apartments
📈
5yr Growth
42%
Cumulative house growth
👨‍👩‍👧‍👦
Family Ratio
82%
Households with children
🚆
CBD Commute
50 mins
Via Metro and Rail
📉
Vacancy Rate
1.4%
Tight rental market
โœ… Key Advantages
  • Access to the high-frequency Sydney Metro Northwest line.
  • Exceptional selection of high-performing public and private schools.
  • Modern, spacious housing stock with large floorplans suitable for multi-generational living.
  • Safe, quiet streets with a strong sense of community and low crime rates.
  • Proximity to major employment hubs in Norwest Business Park and Macquarie Park.
โš ๏ธ Key Watch-Outs
  • Significant traffic congestion on Windsor Road and Memorial Avenue during peak hours.
  • High entry price point with significant land tax implications for investors.
  • Ongoing construction and high-density development in the North Kellyville precinct.
  • Bushfire interface risks for properties backing onto Smalls Creek or Cattai Creek.
  • Limited nightlife and entertainment options within the suburb itself.
๐Ÿ˜๏ธ Suburb Overview
Character, property mix, price range and what drives value here.
๐Ÿ™๏ธ Character
Family Stronghold

How this suburb feels day-to-day.

๐Ÿ  Property Types
Predominantly large detached houses, with increasing high-density apartments near the Metro.

Dominant dwelling stock.

๐Ÿ’ฐ Price Range
$1.6m – $3.5m+

Typical entry to ceiling.

๐Ÿ’ก Why It Matters

Kellyville serves as the aspirational 'middle ground' of the Hills, offering newer homes than Baulkham Hills but better value than Castle Hill. It is a critical indicator of the health of the Sydney family upgrader market.

๐Ÿ’ฐ Price Guide & Market Trends
Medians, rental market, 5-year history and property split.
๐Ÿ  House Median
$2,050,000

$1.85m – $2.8m

๐Ÿข Unit Median
$845,000

$750k – $1.1m

๐Ÿ“ˆ Price Trend
+4.2% past 12 months

12-month movement

๐Ÿ”‘ Weekly Rents
Houses $950pw, Units $680pw

Current asking rents

๐Ÿ“‰ 5-Year Price History
๐Ÿ˜๏ธ Property Type Split

The gap between house and unit prices is widening, reflecting the scarcity of land and the high premium placed on detached dwellings in the Hills District.

๐ŸŽฏ Affordability
How this suburb compares to metro and state medians.
๐Ÿ™๏ธ vs Metro Average
28% above Sydney metro median

Price comparison

๐Ÿ“‹ Income Ratio
10.4x average household income

Median price รท median income

๐Ÿ’ณ Gross Yield
2.8% gross yield for houses

Estimated rental yield

More AffordableModeratePremium
Entry levelMid rangePremium

Kellyville is firmly an 'upgrader' market. First-home buyers are largely restricted to the apartment sector or smaller townhomes in North Kellyville.

๐Ÿ”ฅ Rental Demand
Vacancy rates, demand pressure, tenant profile, and investor outlook.
๐Ÿ“Š Vacancy Rate
1.4%

Lower = tighter market

โฑ๏ธ Days to Lease
18 days

Avg time on market

๐Ÿ“ˆ Rent Growth p.a.
+8.5% pa

Annual rental increase

Demand Level
High
๐Ÿ‘ค Tenant Profile

Professional families relocating for school catchments and corporate workers from Norwest.

๐Ÿ’ผ Investor Outlook

Capital growth is the primary play here. Low yields make it a negative gearing prospect for most, but high-quality tenants ensure low vacancy and property care.

๐Ÿš€ Growth Potential
Historical capital growth, infrastructure pipeline, and 5-year outlook.
+4.2%
1-Year Growth
+15.2% cumulative
3-Year Growth
+41.4% cumulative
5-Year Growth
๐Ÿ“ Growth Drivers
  • Completion of the Sydney Metro City extension improving CBD access times.
  • Ongoing upgrades to Memorial Avenue and local road infrastructure.
  • Continued desirability of the Hills District school catchments.
  • Limited future land release in 'Old Kellyville' creating scarcity value.
โ›” Headwinds
  • High interest rate sensitivity due to large mortgage sizes.
  • Increased supply of apartments in surrounding precincts like Rouse Hill and Castle Hill.
  • Potential for over-supply in the North Kellyville high-density zones.
๐Ÿ”ฎ 5-Year Outlook

Expect moderate, steady growth outperforming the wider Sydney average as the Metro network matures and the Hills District further solidifies its status as a secondary economic hub.

๐Ÿ›ก๏ธ Crime & Safety
Safety index, trend comparison, and what to check locally.
9
Safety Score
Excellent
๐Ÿ“‰ Trend
Stable

vs last 12 months

๐Ÿ™๏ธ vs Metro Average
40% below metro average crime rate

Relative comparison

Risk Categories
Break and Enter: Low Motor Vehicle Theft: Low Assault: Very Low
๐Ÿ“‹ What to Check Locally

Standard residential security is sufficient; focus on properties with good street visibility and community-minded neighbors.

โš ๏ธ Risk Profile
Natural hazards and planning risks to verify before buying.
๐Ÿ“‹ Summary

Low-risk profile overall, with specific environmental hazards in fringe areas and infrastructure bottlenecks in growth zones.

๐ŸŒŠ Flood Risk

Low risk for most, but some properties near Cattai Creek and Smalls Creek are subject to 1-in-100 year flood overlays.

๐Ÿ”ฅ Bushfire Risk

Significant risk for properties on the northern and western fringes bordering dense bushland.

๐Ÿฆ Insurance Impact

Premiums may be elevated for properties identified in the Bushfire Prone Land Map.

๐Ÿ—บ๏ธ Planning & Zoning
Development controls, overlays, and what's changing locally.
๐Ÿ“ Typical Zoning
R2 Low Density Residential
๐Ÿ”ฒ Overlays

Bushfire Prone Land, Terrestrial Biodiversity, Land Reclassification (Partially).

๐Ÿ—๏ธ Development Hotspots

North Kellyville and the precinct immediately surrounding the Kellyville Metro Station.

Zoning changes near the Metro are driving high-density 'skyline' changes, which may impact the privacy and views of adjacent low-density homes.

๐ŸŒณ Liveability
Day-to-day experience โ€” transport, amenity, green space, schools and healthcare.
๐ŸšŒ Transport

Excellent rail via Metro; road network is under pressure but improving.

๐Ÿ›๏ธ Amenity & Retail

High quality local shopping, gyms, and medical centers.

๐ŸŒฒ Parks & Recreation

Abundant, including Bernie Mullane, Kellyville Park, and numerous local playgrounds.

๐Ÿซ Schools

A primary driver for the suburb, featuring top-tier public and private institutions.

๐Ÿฅ Healthcare

Close proximity to Norwest Private Hospital and the upcoming Rouse Hill Hospital.

๐Ÿ‘ฅ Demographics
Who lives here โ€” income, age, ownership, and education levels.

An affluent, family-centric population with high levels of tertiary education and professional employment.

๐Ÿ’ต Median Income
$135,000 pa (Household)
๐Ÿ  Ownership
78% owner-occupied, 22% renting
๐ŸŽ‚ Age Profile
Median age 36
๐ŸŽ“ Education
42% with Bachelor degree or higher
๐Ÿ“Š Age Distribution

The high owner-occupancy and family ratio contribute to the suburb's stability and consistent property maintenance standards.

๐Ÿ—๏ธ Major Developments
Infrastructure pipeline and what it means for values and liveability.
๐Ÿ“‹ Overview

Transitioning from a construction zone to a mature urban precinct.

๐Ÿ“ˆ Positive Impacts
  • Memorial Avenue widening reducing local bottlenecks.
  • New primary school in North Kellyville easing catchment pressure.
  • Expansion of local retail precincts in North Kellyville.
๐Ÿ“‰ Negative Impacts
  • Loss of 'semi-rural' feel in the northern pockets.
  • Increased noise and dust from ongoing apartment construction near the Metro.
๐Ÿ—บ๏ธ Nearby Suburb Comparison
How neighbouring suburbs stack up on price, lifestyle and who they suit.
๐Ÿ“Castle Hill
Position East
Price More expensive
Lifestyle More established, larger shopping hub, older demographic.
Best for Premium buyers wanting the 'heart' of the Hills.
๐Ÿ“Rouse Hill
Position North-West
Price Slightly more affordable
Lifestyle More 'town centre' focused, higher density living.
Best for Younger families and first home buyers.
๐Ÿ“Bella Vista
Position South
Price More expensive
Lifestyle Corporate hub, prestige lakeside living.
Best for High-income executives working in Norwest.
๐Ÿ“Beaumont Hills
Position North
Price Comparable
Lifestyle Smaller, quieter, purely residential.
Best for Families seeking a more secluded enclave.
๐Ÿ” Similar Suburbs
Suburbs with a comparable profile โ€” useful if this one is over budget or sold up.
Cherrybrook
NSW
8.7/10
Elite school catchments and Metro access.
Family Hub Metro
Glen Waverley
VIC
8.8/10
Strong focus on education and high-value family homes.
Education Premium
Stretton
QLD
8.2/10
Large modern homes and high family demographic.
Large Homes Aspirational
West Pennant Hills
NSW
8.9/10
Prestige Hills feel with large blocks.
Prestige Quiet
๐Ÿ’ฌ Community Sentiment
Aggregated themes from resident discussions, forums and local feedback.
๐Ÿ“Š Overall Community Sentiment

Highly positive, with residents citing safety and school quality as the primary reasons for staying long-term. Traffic remains the only consistent grievance.

👩‍👧
Sarah
Local resident 12 years
โ˜…โ˜…โ˜…โ˜…โ˜…
Family Life

The best place to raise kids in Sydney. The parks are amazing and I never worry about safety when walking the dog at night.

Safety Parks
👨‍💻
Mark
Commuter
โ˜…โ˜…โ˜…โ˜…โ˜†
Transport

The Metro is a game changer for getting to North Sydney, but getting out of my driveway onto Windsor Road at 8am is a nightmare.

Metro Traffic
🏡
Elena
Recent Buyer
โ˜…โ˜…โ˜…โ˜…โ˜…
Education

We moved here specifically for Kellyville Public School and it has lived up to the reputation. The community is so welcoming.

Schools Community
📈
James
Investor
โ˜…โ˜…โ˜…โ˜†โ˜†
Investment

Capital growth has been great, but the land tax and low yields mean you need a long-term strategy here.

Growth Yield
🏢
Priya
North Kellyville Resident
โ˜…โ˜…โ˜…โ˜†โ˜†
Development

North Kellyville feels a bit crowded now with all the new apartments. I wish the shops and roads kept up with the building.

Density Infrastructure
👴
Robert
Retiree
โ˜…โ˜…โ˜…โ˜…โ˜†
Lifestyle

It's getting busier, but the local clubs and the village atmosphere still make it feel like home.

Atmosphere Noise
๐Ÿ’ก Tailored Advice
Personalised guidance for every role in this market.
๐Ÿง‘โ€๐Ÿ’ผ Buyer Strategy
  • Prioritize 'Old Kellyville' (south of Memorial Ave) for larger blocks and more established streetscapes.
  • Verify school catchment boundaries before purchasing, as they are strictly enforced and subject to change.
  • Check the distance to the nearest Metro station; properties within a 15-minute walk command a significant premium.
  • Look for homes with 'granny flat' potential to offset high mortgage costs with rental income.
  • Inspect during peak hour to understand the true impact of local traffic on your daily commute.
  • Avoid properties directly backing onto major arterial roads like Windsor Road due to noise and pollution.
โ“ Questions to Ask the Agent
  • Is this property within the current catchment for Kellyville Public School?
  • Has the property ever been affected by overland flow or localized flooding?
  • What are the specific bushfire asset protection zone requirements for this lot?
  • Are there any planned high-density developments on the adjacent blocks?
  • How long has the property been on the market, and have there been any previous offers?
  • What is the split of owner-occupiers versus renters in this specific street?
  • Are there any easements on the land that would prevent future pool or deck construction?
  • What is the average electricity and water cost for a home of this size in this area?
๐Ÿท๏ธ Seller Strategy
  • Highlight energy-efficient upgrades, as large Hills homes can have high running costs.
  • Professional styling is essential; the Kellyville buyer expects a 'display home' aesthetic.
  • Focus marketing on the 'lifestyle'—proximity to schools and the Metro are your biggest selling points.
  • Ensure gardens are meticulously manicured; street appeal is a major driver of price in this suburb.
  • Consider an auction campaign to capitalize on the high demand for family homes in the area.
๐Ÿ“ฃ Positioning Tips

Position the property as a 'forever home' for an aspirational family. Emphasize the balance of suburban tranquility and modern connectivity.

๐Ÿ’ผ Investment Case

Kellyville is a capital growth play. It attracts high-quality, long-term tenants who treat the property as their own.

โš ๏ธ Investment Risks

Low rental yields and high entry costs. Land tax can be a significant burden for those with multiple properties in NSW.

๐Ÿ“ˆ Action Plan
  • Target 4-bedroom houses with a study to cater to the work-from-home trend.
  • Avoid the high-density apartment stock near the Metro if capital growth is the priority.
  • Look for properties with land sizes over 600sqm in R2 zones.
  • Ensure the property is within the catchment of a high-demand public school.
๐Ÿ”‘ Renter Tips
  • Be prepared with a complete application; competition for family houses is fierce.
  • Highlight stable employment and long-term intentions to appeal to local landlords.
  • Check for NBN connectivity types if working from home.
๐Ÿ˜๏ธ What Renters Love Here

Access to elite schools and a safe, family-friendly environment.

โš ๏ธ Renter Watch-Outs

High weekly rents and limited public transport options in the northern-most pockets.

๐Ÿข Landlord Strategy
  • Regular garden maintenance should be included in the lease to protect your asset's value.
  • Install high-quality cooling and heating systems to attract premium tenants.
  • Consider allowing pets, as the majority of local tenants are families with animals.
๐Ÿ“‹ Compliance & Management

Ensure all smoke alarm and swimming pool safety certifications are current, as Hills Council is proactive with inspections.

๐Ÿค Agent Insights
  • The 'school run' is the primary driver of local movement; timing your listings with the school year is effective.
  • Buyers are increasingly wary of North Kellyville's density; highlight the 'exclusivity' of older pockets.
  • The Metro has shifted the buyer demographic toward younger professionals from the Inner West and Lower North Shore.
๐ŸŽฏ Marketing Angles

The '15-minute life'—schools, shops, and Metro all within a short radius.

๐Ÿ‘ค Target Buyer Profile

Professional couples with 2+ children, often upgrading from apartments or townhouses in closer-to-city suburbs.

โœ… Due Diligence Checklist
Tap items to tick them off. Don't skip these before signing anything.
โœ“
Verify school catchment via the NSW Department of Education 'Find a School' portal.
โœ“
Order a formal building and pest inspection with a focus on termite history.
โœ“
Check the Section 10.7 Certificate for bushfire and flood overlays.
โœ“
Review the Hills Shire Council's Local Environmental Plan (LEP) for nearby zoning changes.
โœ“
Assess the property's orientation for natural light and heating efficiency.
โœ“
Test mobile phone reception and NBN availability at the property.
โœ“
Drive the commute to work/school during peak hour (8:00 AM and 5:00 PM).
โœ“
Check for any outstanding council orders or unapproved structures.
โœ“
Review the contract for any restrictive covenants or 'building envelopes'.
โœ“
Confirm the functionality of all air conditioning and pool filtration systems.
โœ“
Inspect the property after heavy rain to identify any drainage issues.
โœ“
Verify the distance to the nearest Metro station and bus stop frequency.
๐Ÿ“š Government Sources & Disclaimer
Official council and government links only. Always verify independently before any property decision.
โš ๏ธ Important Disclaimer

This report is for informational purposes only and does not constitute financial or legal advice. Data is based on 2026 market projections and historical trends. Buyers should conduct their own independent due diligence and consult with licensed professionals before making any property purchase.

Kellyville NSW 2155 - Suburb Profile

Richard Matthews Real Estate - Strathfield - Real Estate Agency
Vivek Tailor
Vivek Tailor - Real Estate Agent

37 Greyfriar Place, Kellyville, NSW 2155

For Sale

4 2 2

Open Saturday 6 June 11:00 am
Seven Real Estate - Castle Hill  - Real Estate Agency
Michael HU
Michael HU - Real Estate Agent

6 Sami Avenue, Kellyville, NSW 2155

Auction if not sold prior

5 3 2

Open Saturday 6 June 10:30 am Auction Saturday 11 July 11:00 am
Manor Real Estate - Real Estate Agency
Jay Bacani
Jay Bacani - Real Estate Agent

60 Grace Crescent, Kellyville, NSW 2155

$1,320,000 - $1,380,000

3 2 2

Open Saturday 6 June 10:40 am
Laing+Simmons - Quakers Hill - Real Estate Agency
Kent Pilkington
Kent Pilkington - Real Estate Agent
McGrath Estate Agents Northwest - Real Estate Agency
Daniel Sarzano
Daniel Sarzano - Real Estate Agent
McGrath Estate Agents Northwest - Real Estate Agency
Daniel Sarzano
Daniel Sarzano - Real Estate Agent
McGrath Estate Agents Northwest - Real Estate Agency
Corie Sciberras
Corie Sciberras - Real Estate Agent

21 Fraser Avenue, Kellyville, NSW 2155

Contact Agent

4 3 2

Open Saturday 6 June 12:30 pm Auction Saturday 20 June 3:00 pm
Laing+Simmons Bella Vista | Glenwood - NORWEST - Real Estate Agency
Tony Garay
Tony Garay - Real Estate Agent

104/4 Gerbera Place, Kellyville, NSW 2155

For Sale

2 2 1

Open Saturday 6 June 9:15 am
McGrath Estate Agents Northwest - Real Estate Agency
Corie Sciberras
Corie Sciberras - Real Estate Agent

81 President Road, Kellyville, NSW 2155

Contact Agent

4 2 2

Auction Saturday 20 June 10:30 am
Ray White - Real Estate Agency

123/16 Free Settlers Drive, Kellyville NSW 2155

Perfect location, Just a 2 Minute Drive to Bella Vista Station

$820 per week
2 2 2
Ray White - Castle Hill  - Real Estate Agency
Castle Hill Property Management
Castle Hill Property Management - Real Estate Agent

246/2 Gerbera Place, Kellyville NSW 2155

Beautifully presented 1 bedroom + study apartment,

$680 per week
1 1 1
The Studio Estate Agents - CASTLE HILL - Real Estate Agency
Tiarn Maxwell
Tiarn Maxwell - Real Estate Agent
NGU Real Estate Quakers Hill - Real Estate Agency
Monique Brown
Monique Brown - Real Estate Agent
Select First Real Estate - NORWEST - Real Estate Agency
Carmelo Vitale
Carmelo  Vitale - Real Estate Agent
Response Real Estate - Baulkham Hills - Real Estate Agency
Robert Riddell
Robert Riddell - Real Estate Agent
First National Hills Direct - The Ponds  - Real Estate Agency
Michelle Hesse
Michelle Hesse - Real Estate Agent
McGrath - Castle Hill - Real Estate Agency
RentBetter - Real Estate Agency
RentBetter Team
RentBetter  Team - Real Estate Agent
McGrath Estate Agents Northwest - Real Estate Agency
Corie Sciberras
Corie Sciberras - Real Estate Agent
Castlehaven Realtors - Castle Hill - Real Estate Agency
Chris Fell
Chris Fell - Real Estate Agent

11 Weid Place, Kellyville, NSW 2155

$1,225,000 - $1,275,000

3 2 2

McGrath Estate Agents Northwest - Real Estate Agency
Brett Humby
Brett Humby - Real Estate Agent
The Studio Estate Agents - CASTLE HILL - Real Estate Agency
Marvin Dayupay
Marvin Dayupay - Real Estate Agent
McGrath Estate Agents Northwest - Real Estate Agency
Corie Sciberras
Corie Sciberras - Real Estate Agent

42 Lavender Avenue, Kellyville, NSW 2155

Bidders Guide! $1,350,000

3 2 2

Shire Realty- Castle Hill - Real Estate Agency
Aaron Godfrey
Aaron  Godfrey - Real Estate Agent
Ray White United Group - Real Estate Agency
Shiv Nair
Shiv Nair - Real Estate Agent
Raine & Horne - Rouse Hill - Real Estate Agency
Raza Khan
Raza Khan - Real Estate Agent
McGrath Estate Agents Northwest - Real Estate Agency
Corie Sciberras
Corie Sciberras - Real Estate Agent

Best Real Estate Agents in Kellyville NSW 2155

TAYLOR BREDIN

Sales Representative
Glenwood, Castle Hill, Blacktown, Riverstone, North Kellyville, Schofields, Quakers Hill, Kellyville, Kellyville Ridge, Rouse Hill, Stanhope Gardens, Acacia Gardens, Box Hill
Call Chat

Shiv Nair

Founding Partner & Selling Principal
Glenwood, Oatlands, Quakers Hill, Kellyville, The Ponds, Marsden Park, Parklea, Norwest
Call Chat

Real estate agents in Kellyville NSW 2155

Real Estate Agencies in Kellyville NSW 2155

Real estate agencies in Kellyville NSW 2155

Explore More About Kellyville NSW 2155

Real Search makes searching for your new home easy with properties for sale in Kellyville NSW 2155 and properties for rent in Kellyville NSW 2155. Are you looking for specific type of property? Real Search has units for sale in Kellyville NSW 2155 and houses for sale in Kellyville NSW 2155. Real Search also provides 1 bedroom unit for sale in Kellyville NSW 2155, 2 bedroom unit for sale in Kellyville NSW 2155 & 3 bedroom unit for sale in Kellyville NSW 2155. Find best real estate agents in Kellyville NSW 2155. You can also check real estate agencies in Kellyville NSW 2155. Research the property market of Kellyville NSW 2155 with a property report and suburb profile report on Real Search.

  • Disclaimer
    Our service utilises AI search capabilities based on publicly available indexed data for non-commercial purposes and testing phase. The above information is an excerpt from publicly available data and may be subject to errors or changes. RealSearch.com.au makes no representations or warranties regarding the accuracy of this data. Please consult the Agency/Agents directly for the most up-to-date information.